Artificial insemination is the technique in which semen with living sperms is collected from the male and introduced into female reproductive tract at proper time with the help of instruments. This has been found to result in a normal offspring. In this process, the semen is inseminated into the female by placing a portion of it either in a collected or diluted form into the cervix or uterus by mechanical methods at the proper time and under most hygienic conditions. The first scientific research in artificial insemination of domestic animals was performed on dogs in 1780 by the Italian scientist, Lazanno Spalbanzani. His experiments proved that the fertilizing power reside in the spermatozoa and not in the liquid portion of semen. Few further studies under research station conditions helped this technique to be used commercially allover the world including India.
Artificial insemination is not merely a novel method of bringing about impregnation in females. Instead, it is a powerful tool mostly employed for livestock improvement. In artificial insemination the germplasm of the bulls of superior quality can be effectively utilized with the least regard for their location in far away places. By adoption of artificial insemination, there would be considerable reduction in both genital and non-genital diseases in the farm stock.
AI offers several advantages in animal reproduction:
- Genetic Improvement: Allows for the use of semen from superior males, regardless of their location, to improve desirable traits in offspring.
- Disease Control: Minimizes the risk of transmitting diseases that could occur during natural mating.
- Efficiency: Maximizes the reproductive potential of high-value males by inseminating multiple females from a single ejaculate.
- Artificial Insemination Services would be provided to the member and non-members.
